Programmes

Education and research programme “Futurum 2020s″

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decThe procedure starts with tests on problem solving, critical thinking, and analytical reasoning,  in order to select highly motivated and talented students. The next step is to design an individual way of proceedings with specific education for the selected students. It results in achievements in different world class competitions and contests of scientific character, and in the future perspective it creates highly advanced research and innovative scientific staff. Due to active co-operation with several academic institutions the results are guaranteed both in short and long term as well as scientific supervision over the programme is constant and of high excellence. Futurum2020s is an education and research programme taking over from Futurum 2020. The Programme aims at long term education in order to create and improve future staff for EU institutions, academic and non-academic entities.  The programme Futurum 2020s runs until 2027 similar to Horizon Europe.

Math Bridge Over Borders

From 2020 within the programme Futurum2020s the Baltic Institute of Mathematics in cooperation with StudentWay (Ukraine) have been organizing monthly meetings Math Bridge Over Borders, where the current technologies and fundamental mathematics behind them have been discussed. From 2021 the meetings have been supplemented by Mathematics-Driven Research seminar organised in cooperation with the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv and the Institute of Mathematics of NAS of Ukraine.

 

Geometric theory of PDEs

I. INTRODUCTION

Preemptive mathematical industrialization

1. The inevitability of mathematical industrialization.

The rapidly growing constraints of economic, material and human resources makes the mathematical modeling of the inevitable and, in many cases, the only possible way to solve many critical problems, and to some extent, the key to sustained progress in general. It is primarily concerned with fundamental and applied, not necessarily mathematical research, engineering, development, management, forecasting, optimization and planning. The decisive advantage of mathematical modeling is its exclusive cost, compared with other means. In the near future mathematical models of high-level products will be of strategic importance. For this reason, the country that first will take the path of mathematical industrialization, i.e. organizes the production and maintenance of mathematical models, will become a very significant competitive and strategic advantages.

Preemptive mathematization would allow business to become the undisputed leader in this area. There is no doubt arise in the not too distant future global manufacturers of high-level mathematical models. The potential market would be the entire field of research and scientific and technical developments.

It is envisaged that the development of mathematical industry promotes a quantum leap in computer technology

2. Scientific background.

The most important mathematical models are based on the nonlinear differential equations in partial derivatives. Investigation of specific PDE required for certain applications, is an extremely difficult mathematical problem. But even partial success can lead to the results of exceptional importance. For example, electromagnetic waves, which are the basis of modern electronic civilization, were discovered by J. Maxwell, who composed and has found some solutions of differential equations, now bearing his name.

Paradoxically, in the past century, despite its critical importance, PDE not been the object of fundamental research in pure mathematics. Specifically, we investigated individual PDE, from time to time arise in some theoretical issues and applications. Moreover, it was believed that meaningful unified theory of PDE, in principle, impossible. Therefore, the “applied” mathematics, dealing with each in his own equation, were forced to invent for their own purposes various private receptions and techniques, often very subtle and sophisticated, but always having individual character. It can be noted that at present the whole scope of a “cottage industry”.

The framework for a unified theory of the PDE have been developed during the past 30 years. It is now sufficient scientific prerequisite for the transition to a “mathematical industrialization”, which was mentioned above.

3. Prospective applications.

Unified theory of the PDE was extremely complex and mathematically very precarious. For her needs it was necessary to develop a completely new mathematical apparatus, the secondary differential calculus, which represents the next stage in the development of the classical differential calculus. This calculus is a unique synthesis of elements of classical differential calculus, differential and algebraic topology, commutative and homological algebra, etc.

New methods allow us to significantly advance the study of critical NDU encountered in applications. This is especially true in areas such as continuum mechanics and field theory, which dramatically increases the ability to extract from PDE a useful information, which sometimes produced by experimental methods. Moreover, substantially increases the ability of mathematical models in these areas.

On the basis of secondary calculus in recent years a new section of Theoretical Physics, cohomological physics, begun to form.

4. Status quo.

At the present time by various elements of the new theory posses only a very limited number of people in the world. Complexity of the theory and the significant time required to examine its foundations, turning this theory in “high-tech and knowledge-intensive product.” The implementation process of mathematical industrialization accessible only for University with a fundamental mathematical training of students, leading advanced research in fundamental and applied areas of knowledge, which has a major experimental facilities and infrastructure.

The most important condition for rapid and efficient development of this field is the “training of new specialists” from the most mathematically gifted young people. This means the freedom and ability of the University to create new training programs, as existing, local and foreign training programs do not fully meet the requirements of the Project.

The large-scale introduction in practice the results of the new theory requires the development of special software is very high. Preemptive works in this direction would constitute not only the “material base” of mathematical industrialization, but also would put the beginning of “the mathematical enterprise.”

It is absolutely clear that the potential of this scientific field is not realized, and can not be realized without the existence of consolidating center. This program is a project to establish a laboratory at University, as a prototype of an elite education and research center, organized on a new basis, and focused on key areas of scientific and technological progress.

 II. PROGRAMM

OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 2021-2027 WITHIN THE AREA FUNDAMENTAL MATHEMATICS AND MECHANICS

    1. Using methods of differential calculus in commutative algebras, to develop the details of the Hamiltonian formalism for commutative algebras, the real spectrum of which is “small” different from the smooth manifolds (discontinuities along hypersurfaces, simple type singularities). Explore the features of the dynamics of mechanical systems, the configuration space of which has a deviation from the smoothness of the specified type (special hinge mechanisms, etc.) and non-smooth optical media.

    2. Summarize the relativistic case transition principle in the theory of impulsive motion and study the behavior of geodesics for Riemannian metrics which are degenerate along the hypersurface.

    3. Investigate the properties of tensors defined on the CW-smooth and, in particular, simplicial complexes by means of differential calculus in commutative algebras and study the possibility of building on this basis, the “discrete” differential geometry as a computer approximation of the real geometry. To analyze this in terms of finite element method.

    4. Summarize the theory of Iterated differential forms on a smooth graded commutative algebra, to construct an analogue of Riemannian geometry in this context and, on this basis, to explore the possibility of modeling different forms of matter in the framework of this approach to the theory of relativity.

    5. Apply the theory of secondary Hamiltonian structures in order to construct the direct Hamiltonian models in continuum mechanics.

    6. Determine the types of singularities of generalized solutions of the fundamental equations of continuum mechanics; install auxiliary equations describing their behavior, and conduct initial investigations of these equations.

    7. Explore analog of the spectral sequence of Leray-Serre in the secondary differential calculus in order to optimize the numerical methods for calculation of the C-spectral sequence members. Test results on some equations of mechanics and mathematical physics.

    8. To explore the mechanism of assembly Lie algebra from the mutually agreed structures, its cohomological implications and applications to the theory of symmetries of nonlinear PDE.

       

Didactic

Idea of Research competitions

Research competition aims to contribute to the cultural development and popularizing science.

The idea of ​​the research activities of students is in line with the modern concept of the development of productive technology in education. Under the research activity, in this case, refers to activities of students associated with the search for the answer to the research problem with unknown solution in advance and assumes main stages of research in science: the problem, the study of theory devoted to this subject, selection of research methodologies and practical mastery of them, collecting their own material, his analysis and synthesis, their own conclusions. Education, in the modern sense, is an operating of information, constant self-development skills, motivation and goal setting their own activities. Traditional educational reproductive technologies must be complemented by productive, creative technologies. Movement in this direction is possible only if concerted action of society as a whole. Without this new technologies cannot be spread in the education system, starting with techniques and finishing with regulatory framework.

Research Competition is aimed primarily at finding techniques available for replication, through direct communication of researchers and teachers, science organizers and representatives of all branches of government. This experience of working together highlights problems to be solved by creative teams using the research as a tool of shaping their sustained interest in science and skills of self-organization.

The basic mechanism of translation experience in organizing research, we define as a balanced combination of the principles of administration and network organization, the Regional Center of academic research, where innovative programs are developed, and the Center develops the network. In the future, these Centers are capable of their own productive activities established in the region, creating an educational space.

In the basis of the successful implementation of the idea competition laid the scientific and methodological stuff, which is to bring to the work professional scientists, educators, organizers of science and managers. The mission of these professionals is the selection of promising scientific material for research; examination of the research results, the transformation of the original subject matter in accordance with the purpose of the research activities of students as a way of organizing the educational process, the development of various forms and methods of participation in the implementation of research the educational process.

Important role in the implementation of the program will be an informational and communicative support, which will be the co-organization of different types of communities, the development of methods and means of transmission of innovative practices (various manuals, regulations, etc.)

 

Dynamical systems

Research Projects

1. Theory of shadowing of approximate trajectories (pseudotrajectories) in dynamical systems

It is well known that if we apply a numerical method to a system of differential equations or a dynamical system on a bounded time interval, then the obtained numerical solution is close to an exact one but the estimate depends exponentially on the length of the interval.The theory of shadowing studies the problem of closeness of approximate trajectories (such as trajectories generated by numerical methods) and exact trajectories on infinite time intervals. This theory originated from the theory of structural stability of dynamical systems; now it is a well-developed branch of the global theory of dynamical systems with its own methods and results. In particular, results of the shadowing theory allow one to show that the approximate patterns of trajectories of strongly nonlinear dynamical systems given by computer modeling reflect the real patterns of trajectories.

2. Complicated structures generated by discontinuous systems of differential equations

Discontinuous systems of differential equations are, for example, models of mechanical systems with possible shocks, grazing, and so on. To study such systems, one has to divide the phase space into domains with different behavior of trajectories in different domains, to study the trajectories in the appearing domains, and to “glue” trajectories coming from one domain to another one. This leads to appearance of complicated structures, such as periodic structures or chaotic structures even if the systems in separate phase domains have relatively simple behavior (for example, they are linear).

3. Dynamical systems with hysteresis

Systems with hysteresis are models for a very wide class of problems arising in mechanics, physics, biology, and so on. Until now, only very simple systems with hysteresis could be described in detail. At present, principally new methods for the study of such systems are developed. These methods combine purely theoretical approaches with computer modeling.

4. Multivalued dynamical systems and differential inclusions

Such systems appear, for example, when we study problems coming from control theory. Applying various possible controls, one gets not a single trajectory but a “bunch” of possible trajectories. The behavior of multivalued dynamical systems is closely related to the theory of differential inclusions. This theory describes the structure of sets of attainability for control systems. Combining the results of the theory of multivalued mappings with the results of the shadowing theory, one can prove that the behavior of complicated control systems is predicted by their numerical modeling with good accuracy.